春节　The Spring Festival

正月　lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar

除夕　New Year's Eve; eve of lunar New Year

初一　the beginning of New Year in lunar calendar

春联　Spring Festival couplets.
买年货　special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping

团圆饭　family reunion dinner

敬酒　propose a toast,
烟花　fireworks

爆竹　firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)

拜年　pay New Year's call; give New Year's greetings; New Year's visit
Auntie, we've come to wish you a Happy New Year
阿姨，我们给您拜年来了

压岁钱 money in a red envelop

舞狮　lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)

舞龙　dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)

灯笼　lantern: a portable light

元宵节　The Lantern Festival

灯谜　riddles written on lanterns

灯会　exhibit of lanterns

守岁　staying-up

去晦气　get rid of the ill-fortune.
祭祖宗　offer sacrifices to one's ancestors

岁岁平安　Peace All Year Round 

恭喜发财　Wishing You Prosperity     

心想事成　May All Your Wishes Come True 

吉祥如意　Everything Goes Well 
一帆风顺　Wishing You Every Success 

步步高升　Promoting To A Higher Position 

出入平安　Safe Trip Wherever You Go