防范外汇风险有哪些措施
感谢 !
ruanMaggy
thanks :)
2010-02-02 10:34:24
余火兵
防范外汇风险的实质,就是采取必要的措施,消除产生外汇风险的因素或条件。
我国常用的一些方法如下:
1. 妥善选择交易中使用的货币
① 在对外经济交易中,如有必要和可能,可采用本币作为计价结算货币。
② 在必须使用外币交易的条件下,要选择在国际金融市场上可以自由兑换的货币,如美元、日元等。
③ 在自由兑换货币中,在一定时期内,也存在着“软”、“硬”的区别,即有些是趋于贬值的软货币,有些是趋于升值的硬货币。在选择交易计价货币时,应当是收入外汇争取收趋于升值的硬货币,支出外汇争取付趋于贬值的软货币。
④ 由于在国际经济交易中,使用硬货币对收款方或债权方有利,而对付款方或债务方不利;使用软货币对收款方或债权方不利,而对付款方或债务方有利。因此在对外经济交易谈判中,双方争取的目标是相反的。在双方相持不下时,可互作让步,采取软、硬货币搭配的方案,由双方共同承担风险。
2. 采取划拨清算方式
3. 采用外汇保值条款
外汇保值条款有两种:
① 在鉴订贸易合同时,把汇率定下来,以后无论汇率发生什么变化,仍按合同规定的汇率付款。
② 在签订贸易合同时,不确定付款汇率,但规定在汇率变动时,双方各承担一半的损失。
4. 采用第三国货币或“一篮子货币”计价结果
5. 运用即期外汇买卖防范风险
6. 用借款方法防范外汇风险
7. 运用远期外汇买卖防范风险
8. 运用期权交易防范外汇风险
9. 运用掉期(套期)交易防范外汇风险
10. 运用“福费廷”(Forfaiting)业务防范外汇风风险
11. 提前或推迟外汇收付
12. 参加汇率波动保险
① 债务分散化管理。
② 债权结构合理化管理。
③ 债权与债务对应化管理。
2010-02-02 09:03:11
李利
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2026-07-17 22:07:56
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huliu
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2026-07-14 09:56:51
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